Small-volume membrane filtration using Centrifugal Nanofiltration Devices

12/07/2023

In recent years, the need for filtration methods that minimize the loss of samples and resources, especially in industries handling high-value compounds, has grown. This thesis aims to optimize the performance of Centrifugal Nanofiltration (CNF) devices, making them more efficient for small-scale operations (about 10 mL) without compromising the efficacy of the filtration process. To achieve this goal, a CNF device with an innovative design was developed, using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations to predict the pressure inside the device. The methodology included characterizing the membrane in a SEPA unit, with an active membrane area of 140 cm2, to establish reference parameters. Subsequently, the CNF device, which has a membrane active area of 2.4 cm2, was evaluated. Tests performed on both equipment measured the hydraulic permeability and solute rejection (for NaCl, lactose, and MgSO4) under a range of pressures from 7 to 40 bar. The results showed that the CNF can replicate the water permeation of the SEPA unit. However, concentration polarization affected the rejection rates and permeate flux, especially for the salts. The study also highlighted the need for extensive testing to select a representative sample of the industrial membrane. In conclusion, CNF devices are promising for industries who seek to save resources. The study highlights the importance of considering concentration polarization and membrane variability in the design and methodology of nanofiltration processes, encouraging future innovations.

Authors in the community:

• 

  M

  Madalena Amaral Caldas

  ist425817

Supervisors of this institution:

• 

  V

  Vítor Manuel Geraldes Fernandes

  ist13181

chemical-engineering - Chemical engineering

eng - English

Instituto Superior Técnico