Multi-Fidelity Analysis of Propeller Aerodynamics for ATR Applications

December 9, 2025

This work was carried out at ATR within the EGX Aerodynamics and Loads Department and focuses on the analysis and modeling of propeller-induced aerodynamic effects. The study aims to evaluate and compare different numerical and analytical approaches for predicting propeller performance, wake characteristics, and in-plane loads. Four modeling strategies were investigated: a Python-based Blade Element Momentum Theory coupled with an Actuator Disk model, the Virtual Blade Model implemented in ANSYS Fluent, and two blade-resolved Computational Fluid Dynamics methods—Moving Reference Frame and Sliding Mesh. The BEMT+AD provides rapid estimations of performance and load trends with low computational cost but exhibits non-physical wake features due to correction-model limitations. The VBM offers an intermediate level of fidelity, accurately reproducing performance and wake development while maintaining manageable simulation times. The blade-resolved approaches deliver the most detailed aerodynamic description, resolving tip vortices, root separation, and unsteady effects, though at a significantly higher computational cost. Comparisons with manufacturer data show overall good agreement in efficiency and global performance trends across methods. The study highlights the complementarity between the different approaches: analytical models are well-suited for early design and quick performance estimation, while higher-fidelity CFD provides critical insights into three-dimensional flow phenomena. Finally, recommendations are made for improving current models and exploring advanced formulations, such as non-linear actuator disk models and vortex-particle-based methods, to enhance the balance between fidelity and computational efficiency.

Authors in the community:

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  H

  Henry Machado Vilas Boas

  ist195795

Supervisors of this institution:

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  F

  Filipe Szolnoky Ramos Pinto Cunha

  ist14018

mechanical-engineering - Mechanical engineering

eng - English

Instituto Superior Técnico