“Nota verde” ou “nota preta”: o que pesa mais na decisão de ter filhos?

November 26, 2021

The decline in fertility rates and the number of children per woman is a demographic problem that faces several countries and is present on their political agenda. This dissertation aims to evaluate, through the application of econometric models, the effect of pronatalist policies and different variables on fertility rates, to assess if at the time of having children people value the economic issues "Black Note" or issues related to the sustainability and quality of life offered by the municipalities "Green Note". Various factors influence fertility, namely, the increased education level, the opportunity cost associated with raising children, and economic and employment instability. Indeed, the interaction between the quantity and quality of children may also explain the decline in fertility, since families have chosen to invest more in each child and higher quality in each child, implies less quantity. So, increasingly people voluntarily choose childlessness. The results obtained through the application of two-way fixed effects models, where the time from 2011 to 2019 was controlled, demonstrated that there is an evident cause-effect relationship between the attribution of direct incentives to fertility and fertility rates. On the other hand, a greater bet to the environment, sport, and culture by the municipalities did not demonstrate, through the variables incorporated in the models, empirical evidence to the fertility rates.

Authors in the community:

• 

  M

  Mariana Ferreira Salema

  ist187607

Supervisors of this institution:

• 

  A

  António Sérgio Constantino Folgado Ribeiro

  ist154299

• 

  H

  Hugo Miguel Fragoso de Castro Silva

  ist152309

other-engineering-and-technologies - Other engineering and technologies

por - Portuguese

Instituto Superior Técnico