Green Hydrogen Energy Systems: A Review on Their Contribution to a Renewable Energy System

24/06/2024

Accelerating the transition to a cleaner global energy system is essential for tackling the climate crisis, and green hydrogen energy systems hold significant promise for integrating renewable energy sources. This paper offers a thorough evaluation of green hydrogen’s potential as a groundbreaking alternative to achieve near-zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions within a renewable energy framework. The paper explores current technological options and assesses the industry’s present status alongside future challenges. It also includes an economic analysis to gauge the feasibility of integrating green hydrogen, providing a critical review of the current and future expectations for the levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH). Depending on the geographic location and the technology employed, the LCOH for green hydrogen can range from as low as EUR 1.12/kg to as high as EUR 16.06/kg. Nonetheless, the findings suggest that green hydrogen could play a crucial role in reducing GHG emissions, particularly in hard-to-decarbonize sectors. A target LCOH of approximately EUR 1/kg by 2050 seems attainable, in some geographies. However, there are still significant hurdles to overcome before green hydrogen can become a cost-competitive alternative. Key challenges include the need for further technological advancements and the establishment of hydrogen policies to achieve cost reductions in electrolyzers, which are vital for green hydrogen production.

Autores da comunidade :

• 

  R

  Rui Manuel Gameiro de Castro

  ist12375

  Afiliações e fontes

  IST > INESC-ID

  Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores: Investigação e Desenvolvimento em Lisboa

  IST > DEEC

  Departamento de Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores

  De: orcid

  ID: 162230792

  De: scopus

  ID: 2-s2.0-85198224791

MDPI

Energies

3110

17

13

10.3390/en17133110

electrical-engineering-electronic-engineering-information-engineering - Engenharia Eletrotécnica, Eletrónica e Informática

Palavras-chave

• green hydrogen
• electrolyzers
• renewable energy sources
• hydrogen storage
• hydrogen applications
• economic assessment
• levelized cost of hydrogen

eng - Inglês

Entidade financiadora da bolsa/projeto

Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia

Identificador da Entidade Financiadora: UIDB/50021/2020